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<title>GER Class C53</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">GER Class C53</span></span>

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</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>GER Class C53</li><li>LNER Class J70</li></ul></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><div class="infobox-caption">J70 68222 at Upwell in 1952</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table class="infobox collapsible" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #eeb47f; font-size:100%; padding-left:3em;">Type and origin</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Power type</th><td class="infobox-data">Steam</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Designer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="James_Holden_(engineer)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Holden (engineer)">James Holden</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Builder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Stratford_Works" title="Stratford Works">Stratford Works</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Build date</th><td class="infobox-data">1903 – 1921</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><span class="nowrap">Total produced</span></th><td class="infobox-data">12</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table class="infobox collapsible" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #eeb47f; font-size:100%; padding-left:3em;">Specifications</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Configuration:<br></th><td class="infobox-data"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"> • <a href="Whyte_notation" title="Whyte notation">Whyte</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="0-6-0" title="0-6-0">0-6-0</a><a href="Side_tank_locomotive" class="mw-redirect" title="Side tank locomotive"><abbr title="Side tank">T</abbr></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"> • <a href="AAR_wheel_arrangement" title="AAR wheel arrangement">AAR</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Co</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"> • <a href="UIC_classification_of_locomotive_axle_arrangements" title="UIC classification of locomotive axle arrangements">UIC</a></th><td class="infobox-data">C n2t</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="Track_gauge" title="Track gauge">Gauge</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">

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</style><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span> (<span class="nowrap">1,435 mm</span>) <span class="nowrap"><a href="Standard_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard gauge">standard gauge</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Coupled dia.</th><td class="infobox-data">3 ft 1 in (0.940 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="Wheelbase#Rail" title="Wheelbase">Wheelbase</a></th><td class="infobox-data">6 ft 8 in (2.032 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">20 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in (6.309 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="Axle_load" title="Axle load">Axle load</a></th><td class="infobox-data">11 long tons 7 cwt (25,400 lb or 11.5 t)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Loco weight</th><td class="infobox-data">27 long tons 1 cwt (60,600 lb or 27.5 t)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Fuel type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Coal" title="Coal">Coal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Fuel capacity</th><td class="infobox-data">15 long cwt (1,700 lb or 800 kg)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Water cap.</th><td class="infobox-data">625 imp gal (2,840 L; 751 US gal)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Firebox:</th><td class="infobox-data"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Round-top</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"> • Grate area</th><td class="infobox-data">9.2 sq ft (0.9 m<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Boiler:<br></th><td class="infobox-data"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"> • Diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">2 ft 10.5 in (0.9 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"> • Tube plates</th><td class="infobox-data">6 ft 10 in (2.1 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"> • Small tubes</th><td class="infobox-data">102 x 1.625 in (41.3 mm)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Boiler pressure</th><td class="infobox-data">180 lbf/in<sup>2</sup> (1.24 MPa)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Heating surface:</th><td class="infobox-data"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"> • Firebox</th><td class="infobox-data">42.08 sq ft (3.9 m<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"> • Tubes</th><td class="infobox-data">306 sq ft (28.4 m<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"> • Total surface</th><td class="infobox-data">348.08 sq ft (32.3 m<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="Cylinder_(locomotive)" title="Cylinder (locomotive)">Cylinders</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Two, outside</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="Cylinder_(locomotive)" title="Cylinder (locomotive)">Cylinder size</a></th><td class="infobox-data">12 in × 15 in (305 mm × 381 mm)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="Valve_gear" title="Valve gear">Valve gear</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Walschaerts_valve_gear" title="Walschaerts valve gear">Walschaerts</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table class="infobox collapsible" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #eeb47f; font-size:100%; padding-left:3em;">Performance figures</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="Tractive_effort" title="Tractive effort">Tractive effort</a></th><td class="infobox-data">8,931 lbf (39.73 kN) at 85%</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table class="infobox collapsible" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #eeb47f; font-size:100%; padding-left:3em;">Career</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Operators</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="Great_Eastern_Railway" title="Great Eastern Railway">Great Eastern Railway</a></li><li><a href="London_and_North_Eastern_Railway" title="London and North Eastern Railway">London and North Eastern Railway</a></li><li><a href="British_Railways" class="mw-redirect" title="British Railways">British Railways</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;"><a href="Class_(locomotive)" title="Class (locomotive)">Class</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>GER: C53</li><li>LNER: J70</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Power class</th><td class="infobox-data">BR: 0F</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Axle load class</th><td class="infobox-data">LNER/BR: <a href="Route_availability" title="Route availability">RA</a> 2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Withdrawn</th><td class="infobox-data">1942 (1), 1949–1955</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.225em; line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em; width:36%;">Disposition</th><td class="infobox-data">All original C53s scrapped, one <a href="Toby_the_Tram_Engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Toby the Tram Engine">Toby the Tram Engine</a> replica built at East Anglian Railway Museum.</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below">Most specifications from<sup id="cite_ref-LNER_J70_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LNER_J70-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>The <b>GER Class C53</b> was a class of twelve <span class="nowrap"><a href="0-6-0" title="0-6-0">0-6-0</a><a href="Side_tank_locomotive" class="mw-redirect" title="Side tank locomotive"><abbr title="Side tank">T</abbr></a></span> <a href="Steam_locomotive" title="Steam locomotive">steam</a> <a href="Tram_engine" title="Tram engine">tram locomotives</a> designed by <a href="James_Holden_(engineer)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Holden (engineer)">James Holden</a> for the <a href="Great_Eastern_Railway" title="Great Eastern Railway">Great Eastern Railway</a>. They passed to the <a href="London_and_North_Eastern_Railway" title="London and North Eastern Railway">London and North Eastern Railway</a> at the <a href="Railways_Act_1921" title="Railways Act 1921">grouping</a> and received the LNER classification <b>J70</b>.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>The locomotives had 12-by-15-inch (305 mm × 381 mm) outside cylinders driving 3-foot-1-inch (0.940 m) wheels, all enclosed by skirting. They were the first locomotives on the Great Eastern to use <a href="Walschaerts_valve_gear" title="Walschaerts valve gear">Walschaerts valve gear</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Aldrich-105_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aldrich-105-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From the 1930s to the 1950s, they were used on the <a href="Wisbech_and_Upwell_Tramway" title="Wisbech and Upwell Tramway">Wisbech and Upwell Tramway</a> and the ports of <a href="Great_Yarmouth" title="Great Yarmouth">Great Yarmouth</a> and <a href="Ipswich" title="Ipswich">Ipswich</a>. They replaced earlier <a href="GER_Class_G15" title="GER Class G15">GER Class G15</a> <span class="nowrap"><a href="0-4-0" title="0-4-0">0-4-0</a><a href="Side_tank_locomotive" class="mw-redirect" title="Side tank locomotive"><abbr title="Side tank">T</abbr></a></span> of similar appearance.

</p>

<caption>Table of orders and numbers<sup id="cite_ref-Aldrich-105_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aldrich-105-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</caption>

<th>Order</th>

<th>Builder</th>

<th>Quantity</th>

<th>Notes

</th></tr>

<tr>

<td><a href="Stratford_Works" title="Stratford Works">Stratford Works</a></td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td><a href="Stratford_Works" title="Stratford Works">Stratford Works</a></td>

<td>GER No.138 was withdrawn in 1942

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td><a href="Stratford_Works" title="Stratford Works">Stratford Works</a></td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td><a href="Stratford_Works" title="Stratford Works">Stratford Works</a></td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td><a href="Stratford_Works" title="Stratford Works">Stratford Works</a></td>

<td>

</td></tr>

</tbody></table>

<p>The first withdrawal was in 1942. The remaining eleven locomotives were renumbered <b>8216–8226</b> in 1944 and passed to <a href="British_Railways" class="mw-redirect" title="British Railways">British Railways</a> in 1948 on nationalisation, after which the prefix "6" was added to their numbers. Withdrawals restarted in 1949, slowly at first, then more quickly. The last went in 1955.<sup id="cite_ref-Aldrich-106_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aldrich-106-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<caption>Table of withdrawals<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</caption>

<th>Quantity in<br>service at<br>start of year</th>

<th>Quantity<br>withdrawn</th>

<th>Locomotive numbers

</th></tr>

<tr>

<td align="left">7138

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td align="left">68218

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td align="left">68221

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td align="left">68224

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td align="left">68216–7/19–20

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td align="left">68222–3/25–6

</td></tr>

</tbody></table>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Individual_locomotives">Individual locomotives</h2></div>

<caption>List of GER C53 locomotives<sup id="cite_ref-RailUK_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RailUK-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BRdatabase_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BRdatabase-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</caption>

<th>GER number</th>

<th>LNER number</th>

<th>1946 number</th>

<th>BR number</th>

<th>Build date</th>

<th>Withdrawal date

</th></tr>

<tr>

<td>31/12/1953

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>31/03/1953

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>30/09/1949

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>31/01/1942

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>31/08/1953

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>31/03/1953

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>21/05/1951

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>28/02/1955

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>19/07/1955

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>30/04/1952

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>31/03/1955

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>02/08/1955

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>Note: The data above is according to the website RailUK. Another website, BRDatabase, gives some different dates:

</p>

<ul><li>GER No. 135 was withdrawn on 30 November 1953</li>

<li>GER No. 136 was withdrawn on 9 March 1953</li>

<li>GER No. 130 was withdrawn on 23 February 1953</li>

<li>GER No. 128 was withdrawn sometime in January 1955</li>

<li>GER No. 125 was withdrawn on 24 March 1952</li>

<li>GER No. 126 was withdrawn on 8 March 1955</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_fiction">In fiction</h2></div>

<p>J70 68221 was the inspiration for the character <a href="Toby_the_Tram_Engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Toby the Tram Engine">Toby the Tram Engine</a> in <a href="The_Railway_Series" title="The Railway Series">The Railway Series</a> by the <a href="Wilbert_Awdry" title="Wilbert Awdry">Rev. W. Awdry</a>, and its television series adaptation, <a href="Thomas_%26_Friends" title="Thomas & Friends">Thomas & Friends</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<ul><li><a href="GER_Class_G15" title="GER Class G15">GER Class G15</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lner.info/locos/J/j70.php">"LNER J70"</a>. <i>lner.info</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Aldrich-105-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Aldrich-105_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aldrich-105_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAldrich1969">Aldrich 1969</a>, p. 105</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Aldrich-106-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Aldrich-106_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAldrich1969">Aldrich 1969</a>, p. 106</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAllenBoddyBrownFry1970">Allen et al. 1970</a>, p. 102</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-RailUK-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RailUK_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230126135246/https://www.railuk.info/steam/getsteamclass.php?item=J70">"GER Class C53"</a>. <i>RailUK</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.railuk.info/steam/getsteamclass.php?item=J70">the original</a> on 26 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-BRdatabase-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BRdatabase_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brdatabase.info/locoqry.php?action=class&id=601070&type=S&page=fleet#">"GER/LNER Holden "J70" Class 0-6-0T"</a>. <i>BRDatabse</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWilbert_Vere_Awdry" class="citation book cs1">Wilbert Vere Awdry. <i>The Island of Sodor - its People, History and Railways</i>. p. 137.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3></div>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAldrich1969" class="citation book cs1">Aldrich, C. Langley (1969). <i>The Locomotives of the Great Eastern Railway 1862–1962</i> (7th ed.). Wickford, Essex: C. Langley Aldrich. <a href="OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/30278831">30278831</a>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFAllenBoddyBrownFry1970" class="citation book cs1">Allen, D. W.; Boddy, M. G.; Brown, W. A.; Fry, E. V.; Hennigan, W.; Manners, F.; Neve, E.; Proud, P.; Roundthwaite, T. E.; Tee, D. F.; <a href="Willie_Yeadon" title="Willie Yeadon">Yeadon, W. B.</a> (November 1970). Fry, E. V. (ed.). <i>Locomotives of the L.N.E.R., part 8A: Tank Engines - Classes J50 to J70</i>. Kenilworth: <a href="Railway_Correspondence_and_Travel_Society" title="Railway Correspondence and Travel Society">RCTS</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-901115-05-3</bdi>.</cite></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAwdry1983" class="citation magazine cs1">Awdry, Chris (September 1983). "Toby The Tram Engine & Other Stories...". <i><a href="RAIL_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="RAIL (magazine)">Rail Enthusiast</a></i>. EMAP National Publications. pp. <span class="nowrap">10–</span>11, <span class="nowrap">13–</span>14. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0262-561X">0262-561X</a>. <a href="OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/49957965">49957965</a>.</cite></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:GER_Class_C53_/_LNER_Class_J70" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:GER Class C53 / LNER Class J70">GER Class C53 / LNER Class J70</a></span>.</div></div>

</div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.gersociety.org.uk/index.php/locomotives/j-holden/c53">[1]</a> — Great Eastern Railway Society</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lner.info/locos/J/j70.shtml">The J70 0-6-0 (GER Class C53) Tram Engines</a> — LNER Encyclopedia</li></ul>

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</style><div id="Great_Eastern_Railway_locomotives485" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Locomotives_of_the_Great_Eastern_Railway" title="Locomotives of the Great Eastern Railway">Great Eastern Railway locomotives</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Robert_Sinclair_(locomotive_engineer)" title="Robert Sinclair (locomotive engineer)">R. Sinclair</a> (1862–1866)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Samuel_Waite_Johnson" title="Samuel Waite Johnson">S. W. Johnson</a> (1866–1876)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="William_Adams_(locomotive_engineer)" title="William Adams (locomotive engineer)">Wm. Adams</a> (1873–1878)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Massey_Bromley" title="Massey Bromley">M. Bromley</a> (1878–1881)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Thomas_William_Worsdell" title="Thomas William Worsdell">T. W. Worsdell</a> (1881–1885)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="James_Holden_(engineer)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Holden (engineer)">J. Holden</a> (1885–1907)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="S._D._Holden" title="S. D. Holden">S. D. Holden</a> (1907–1912)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Alfred_John_Hill" title="Alfred John Hill">A. J. Hill</a> (1912–1922)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="London_and_North_Eastern_Railway_locomotives473" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="London_and_North_Eastern_Railway_locomotives473" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Locomotives_of_the_London_and_North_Eastern_Railway" title="Locomotives of the London and North Eastern Railway">London and North Eastern Railway locomotives</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-grouping<br>railway designs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Great_Central_Railway" title="Great Central Railway">Great Central</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Great_Eastern_Railway" title="Great Eastern Railway">Great Eastern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Great_North_of_Scotland_Railway" title="Great North of Scotland Railway">Great North of Scotland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Great_Northern_Railway_(Great_Britain)" title="Great Northern Railway (Great Britain)">Great Northern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="North_British_Railway" title="North British Railway">North British</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="North_Eastern_Railway_(United_Kingdom)" title="North Eastern Railway (United Kingdom)">North Eastern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Hull_and_Barnsley_Railway" title="Hull and Barnsley Railway">North Eastern<br>(ex Hull & Barnsley)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">LNER designs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Nigel_Gresley" title="Nigel Gresley">Gresley</a> (1923–1941)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Edward_Thompson_(engineer)" title="Edward Thompson (engineer)">Thompson</a> (1941–1946)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Arthur_Peppercorn" title="Arthur Peppercorn">Peppercorn</a> (1946–1947)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other designs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposed designs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<dd><a href="Steam_locomotives_of_British_Railways" title="Steam locomotives of British Railways">British Railways steam locomotives</a></dd>

<dd><a href="Locomotives_of_the_Great_Western_Railway" title="Locomotives of the Great Western Railway">GWR locomotives</a></dd>

<dd><a href="Locomotives_of_the_London%2C_Midland_and_Scottish_Railway" title="Locomotives of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway">LMS locomotives</a></dd>

<dd><a href="Locomotives_of_the_Southern_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Locomotives of the Southern Railway">Southern Railway locomotives</a></dd></dl>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<p><br>

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